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The
notable solutions for some doubts
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The Messenger (Peace and
Blessing of Allah be upon him) used to
perform fasting on the tenth day of Muharram
and order his Companions to do the same.
Then the companions (Allah may please
with them) raised a doubt before the
Messenger: “isn’t it a virtuous
day of Jews and Christians?” But
the prophet [PBH] replied: ”verily,
if I will remain on the coming year,
I must perform fasting on the ninth day
of Muharram too” [Muslim]. According
to this Hadîth, it is preferable
to do fasting on the ninth day other
than the tenth day of Muharram.
But, some described this affaire
in a supposing manner that during the
prophet’s pilgrimage to holy Medina,
he noticed the Jews performing the fasting
of Ashura’; soon after, he conducted
an inquiry on it and told the above mentioned
Hadîth. The Messenger breathed
his last in the same year. Even though,
here is raised apparently three doubts.
Doubt -1:-the holy pilgrimage took
place in ‘Rabee ul avval’.
The Messenger set out from the holy Makkah
on the out set of Rabee ul avval and
arrived at holy Madina on its tenth day.
Then how this month might be Muharram,
if they (Jews) did fasting on that day?
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Solution:- the above
noted Hadîth doesn’t mean that he saw Jews
fasting on the day of his arrival at holy Madina and
he ordered his Companions to do so. But the Hadîth
means only that after the ten months of his arrival at
holy Madina, he saw Jews doing so and sought about it.
Doubt 2: Is it being supposed that the Messenger
of Allah made out the virtue of Ashura’ from the
Jews?
Solution: Never, in fact, the Messenger (PBH) already
understood the prominence of Ashura and began to perform
fasting on the day at holy Makkah itself. It can be understood
from Aysha’s (May Allah Please on her) report clearly.
In holy Madina, Jews were a major community while Muslims
were minority in their strength. In such a situation,
the Messenger (PBH) inquired their performance on the
tenth day of Muharram only to seem them the Muslims consider
the day they saw as virtuous. Hence, the Messenger (PBH)
and his companions (with Jews) performed fasting on this
day.
Doubt 3: The Messenger was 53 year old during his
pilgrimage to holy Madina. We mentioned before that the
messenger (PBH) told: “If I will remain on the
coming year, I must perform fasting on it’s ninth
day” but he breathed his last on the same year.
If so, the prophet’s demise seems to take place
on the age of 53.
Solution: It was not on the first year of Hijra that
the Messenger (PBH) commended so. In the second year
of Hijra, as we noted in above mentioned solution, the
Messenger’s command was only to perform fasting
with Jews on the tenth day of Muharram. It was only to
show solidarity and confirm brotherhood with them. In
this situation, the Messenger (PBH) didn’t commend
to perform fasting on its 9th day to differ from Jews.
The Messenger (PBH) and his Companions kept their
pace on the same situation for eight years. But mean
while, some Jewish tribes like Banu-qainuqah’,
Banu quraidha and Banu-nnadîr used to betray the
Messenger, hurt him and move against Muslims with the
idol worshipers of Makkah. Above all, even miner battles
took place between the Jews and Muslims. Eventually,
due to solidarity faced the failure, the Messenger (PBH),
in his 63rd age after the victory of holy Makkah, proclaimed: “You
should differ from Jews in every aspect. If you want
to take fasting on the tenth day of Muharram, you might
do so before and after days of that day. (It is a glimpse
of the Hadîth narrated by Imam Ahmed, Sharwani:
3/456). It was in the same year, the Messenger (PBH)
told: “If I will remain on the coming year, I
shall perform fasting in the 9th day of Muharram. But
he breathed his last before the completion of the year.
These all have clearly been explained in Fathhul Bari
of Imam Ibnu-Hajar Al Asqalani(4/198-200) and Sharahu
Muslim by Imam Navavi (1/359). The words on Jews betraying
and hurting can be found in the book ‘Thareekh
Muhammad Rasoolullah’ (152-154, 181-183, 212-215,
and 235-237).
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